1. What are the four skills in language proficiency?

Ans: The four skills in language proficiency are Listening, Speaking, Reading and Writing skills. 

2. What is writing?

Ans: "Writing" is the process of using symbols e.g., letters of the alphabet, punctuation, spaces etc. to communicate thoughts and ideas in a readable form.

3. What are three main things of consideration in a piece of writing?

Ans: The three main things of consideration in a piece of writing are 

i. structure (the way the content is laid out)

ii. style (the way it is written), and

iii. content (what is being written)

4. Write down the names of stages of writing process. [NU 2013]

Ans: The stages of writing are Prewriting, Writing, Revising, Editing, and Publishing.

5. What the five-step writing process?

Ans: The five steps of writing process are 

i. Prewriting 

ii. Writing 

iii. Revision 

iv. Editing and 

v. Publishing.

6. What is prewriting?

Ans: Prewriting refers to the first stage in the writing process when a writer thinks about a topic, determines a purpose, analyzes an audience, and prepares to write.

7. What is brain storming?

Ans: Brainstorming is a process of generating creative ideas and solutions through intensive group discussion. Every participant is encouraged to think freely and suggest as many ideas as possible about the solution of any problem.

8. What is drafting?

Ans: Drafting is the preliminary stage of a written work in which the author organizes information and ideas into sentences and paragraphs to develop a more cohesive product.

9. What is revision?

Ans: Revision is the stage in the writing process where the author reviews, alters, and amends her or his message, according to what has been written in the draft.

10. What is editing?

Ans: Editing is a stage of the writing process in which a writer or editor strives to improve a draft by correcting its grammatical, spelling, or factual errors and by making words and sentences clearer, more precise, and more effective.

11. What is proof-reading?

Ans: Proofreading means examining a text carefully to find and correct typographical errors and mistakes in grammar, style, and spelling.

12. What is a conclusion?

Ans: A conclusion is the logical ending of a writing having the restatement of the introduction without any repetition

13. What is plagiarism?

Ans: Plagiarism is copying the work of others and claiming it as one's own.

14. What is a formal style?

Ans: A formal style is the style used in academic and business purposes. It includes a sophisticated vocabulary, serious tone, objectivity, third person perspective, standard punctuation and standard spelling.

15. What is MLA style?

Ans: MLA (Modern Language Association) style is a system for overall formatting and documenting sources in scholarly writings, especially in liberal arts and humanities.

16. What does MLA stand for?

Ans: MLA stands for Modern Language Association. 

17. What is an appendix?

Ans: Appendix is a section at the end of a paper that includes information that is too detailed for the text of the paper itself and would burden the readers or distract them.

18. What is Bibliography?

Ans: Bibliography is an alphabetized list of sources that have been used or consulted to compile data in an article, essay, or research paper and it is found at the end of the work.

19. What is theme?

Ans: Theme is the main idea or ideas explored in a text.

20. Define a précis.

Ans: A précis is a concise summary of essential points, statements, or facts. 

21. What is 'brevity' in writing?

Ans: Brevity is the shortness in duration and/or conciseness of expression in a written text. It is opposite to verbosity.

22. What is case study?

Ans: Case study is a process or record of research in which detailed consideration is given to the development of a particular person, group, or situation over a period of time.